seekto，seek头像

　　牢记韩老师语录：“每天五句长难句seekto，强壮考研一代人”。

　　周末长难句大放送，大家学起来seekto！

　　1. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.

　　2. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality respect for parents”.

　　3. The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases such as the trial of Rosemary West.

　　自己先独立分析，完成后向下浏览，查看HJ独家解析

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　　1. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.

　　【结构剖析】

　　1.句子主干是Those A reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those B，其中Those A = those forced to exercise their smiling muscles，those B= those whose mouths were contracted in a frown.

　　2.forced是过去分词作后置定语修饰those，相当于定语从句those who were forced to exercise their smiling muscles。

　　3.whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。

　　4.suggesting是现在分词作结果状语，表示句子主干内容所带来的结果，其后接that引导的宾语从句，表示suggest的内容。

　　【参考译文】相对于那些蹙眉绷嘴者，被强迫锻炼笑肌的人对滑稽漫画的反应则更为强烈；这表明表情可以影响情绪，而非只能是情绪影响表情。

　　2. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality respect for parents”.

　　【结构剖析】

　　1.句子主干是Mitsuo Setoyama raised eyebrows when he argued sth.，that引导宾语从句，表示argue的内容。

　　2.宾语从句中，主干是liberal reforms had weakened the “Japanese morality respect for parents”，而introduced是过去分词作后置定语修饰liberal reforms，并非表示过去时态的谓语动词。原因很简单：句子只有一个谓语动词，即had weakened。相当于定语从句liberal reforms which were introduced by the American occupation authorities.

　　3.此句含有从句嵌套，阅读时务必提高对when，that以及-ed分词等“标志词”的敏感度。

　　【参考译文】去年，时任教育部长的濑户光夫辩称，二战后由美国占领当局引入的自由主义革新削弱了日本民族“尊敬父母的道德品质”。此举令舆论一片哗然。

　　3. The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases such as the trial of Rosemary West.

　　【结构剖析】

　　1.句子主干是The government is to ban payments，而payments to witnesses by newspapers表示：payment是被（由）newspaper支付的witnesses的。

　　2.seeking是现在分词作后置定语，修饰newspaper，相当于定语从句newspapers which seek to...

　　3.involved是过去分词作后置定语，修饰people，相当于定语从句people who have been involved in prominent cases…

　　4.恢复所有从句，本句话便是：The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers which seek to buy up people who have been involved in prominent cases such as the trial of Rosemary West，因此在阅读切分句子层次时，对句子主干以及-ed或-ing的把握尤为重要。

　　【参考译文】政府禁止报界向重大案件（如对Rosemary West的审判）的目击者付钱以收买他们。

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